Partizipation – Von top down zu bottom up

Top-down versus Bottom-up: Wissensorganisation im Wandel. Von der traditionellen Wissenserschließung zu Folksonomies

Der vorliegende Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über den sich momentan vollziehenden Wandel der Wissenserschließung und –organisation. Nach einer Einführung in die klassischen Methoden und Instrumente werden neue Ansätze vorgestellt, die sich durch eine starke Partizipation der Nutzer im Erschließungsprozess auszeichnen. Auf Grundlage einer Abwägung der Herausforderungen und Chancen wird ein Ausbl...

Bottom-up, top-down

Bottom-Up Beats Top-Down

In PEPA, the calculation of the transitions enabled by a process accounts for a large part of the time for the state space exploration of the underlying Markov chain. Unlike other approaches based on recursion, we present a new technique that is iterative—it traverses the process’ binary tree from the sequential components at the leaves up to the root. Empirical results shows that this algorith...

When bottom-up meets top-down.

Studying the intriguing question of how words or pictures are encoded, processed and stored has been a long-standing problem in cognition. Both the written word frog, and a picture of the animal, can lead to an observer to say /frog/, or otherwise to the association that frogs leap, croak, need water, etc. Two different types of account have been formulated to explain word and picture processin...

Combining Bottom-Up and Top-Down

We motivate the formulation of market equilibrium as a mixed complementarity problem which explicitly represents weak inequalities and complementarity between decision variables and equilibrium conditions. The complementarity format permits an energy-economy model to combine technological detail of a bottom-up energy system with a second-best characterization of the overall economy. Our primary...